Area and hazard class set the count
Article 99/2 of the Turkish fire code (BYKHY) ties the number of portable extinguishers directly to the gross construction area: one 6 kg dry-powder or equivalent gas unit per 500 m² in low hazard, and per 250 m² in ordinary and high hazard. The area is the total of all storeys. The checker rounds up: 2400 m² in ordinary hazard gives 2400 / 250 = 9.6 → 10 units.
| Hazard class (Annex 1) | Area per unit | Example: 2400 m² |
|---|---|---|
| Low hazard (Annex 1/A) | 500 m² | 5 units |
| Ordinary hazard 1–4 (Annex 1/B) | 250 m² | 10 units |
| High hazard 1–4 (Annex 1/C) | 250 m² | 10 units |
Hazard class: Annex 1
Annex 1/A defines low hazard: spaces with low fire load and low combustibility, at least 30 minutes fire resistance and no compartment larger than 126 m², such as parts of schools and offices meeting this condition, and prisons. Annex 1/B lists ordinary hazard in four groups, for example hospitals, hotels, dwellings, restaurants, schools and offices in Ordinary Hazard 1; car parks, laundries and museums in Ordinary Hazard 2; shopping centres, printing works, furniture and textile production and plant rooms in Ordinary Hazard 3; cinemas, theatres, exhibition halls and chipboard production in Ordinary Hazard 4. Annex 1/C is high hazard: paint and varnish manufacture, plastic foam and sponge works, cellulose nitrate and fireworks factories and similar. Ordinary Hazard 1 and 2 areas with high fire-load parts such as painting count as Ordinary Hazard 3.
Extinguisher type: by fire class (99/1)
- A (solids): multi-purpose dry powder or water.
- B (liquids): dry powder, CO₂ or foam.
- C (gases): dry powder or CO₂.
- D (metals): dry metal powder.
Water or clean-agent extinguishers are preferred in hospitals, care homes, nurseries and similar places.
Wheeled units (99/3)
Car parks, storage areas, plant rooms and similar places need a wheeled extinguisher in addition to the portable ones. The article gives no number or size; choose by fire class and consult the local fire brigade if needed (99/8). Wheeled units are certified to TS EN 1866, the others to TS 862-EN 3 (99/6).
Layout: the 25 m rule
Under Article 99/4 the distance to an extinguisher is at most 25 m. Units sit near passageways, evenly distributed and signed, and may be inside or next to a hose cabinet. Behind doors, in closed cupboards (other than hose cabinets), in deep recesses and above heaters are not allowed. Units heavier than 4 kg and lighter than 12 kg hang no higher than about 90 cm above the floor (99/5).
The checker divides each storey into equal cells and places one unit at the centre of each cell. The number of cells covers both the storey’s share of the area rule (storey area / 250 or 500) and a farthest point within 25 m in a straight line. This is a layout suggestion, not a regulation value: walls and partitions lengthen the walking distance, so check the final layout on the plan. The suggested total can exceed the 99/2 minimum; the excess comes from distribution.
What the 3D floor plan shows
One storey is built from your area and plan ratio, with the storeys below shown as ghosts. The units drop into place and each one shows a glowing 25 m reach circle. The amber ring is the farthest point of the storey; the dashed line shows the distance to the nearest unit. With “Reach walk” on, a person walks that route. If a wheeled unit is required, it appears in a corner.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many square metres per fire extinguisher in Turkey?
Under Article 99/2 of the Turkish fire code, one 6 kg dry-powder or equivalent gas extinguisher per 500 m² of gross area in low hazard, and per 250 m² in ordinary and high hazard. The area is the total of all storeys and the result is rounded up.
What is the maximum distance to a fire extinguisher?
Under Article 99/4 the distance to an extinguisher is at most 25 m. Units must be near passageways, evenly distributed and signed, and not behind doors, in closed cupboards (other than hose cabinets) or near heaters.
Where are wheeled extinguishers mandatory?
Under Article 99/3, car parks, storage areas, plant rooms and similar places need a wheeled extinguisher in addition to portable ones. The article gives no number or size; the local fire brigade may be consulted (99/8).
How often are fire extinguishers serviced?
Under Article 99/7, an on-site inspection once a year to TS ISO 11602-2; at the end of the fourth year the agent is renewed and a hydrostatic test made. The service company must hold a filling and service competence certificate.
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